The growth of nations is deeply intertwined with the collaboration between neighboring countries, especially in terms of economic development and infrastructure. This concept is vividly illustrated in the cooperation among Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal (BBIN), which are using railway networks to enhance regional connectivity and economic growth.
Railway Connectivity: The BBIN Vision
The BBIN region stands out for its strategic use of railway connectivity to foster economic development. This initiative aims to reduce transportation costs significantly, exemplified by the potential rerouting of freight trains through Bangladesh, which could slash costs and transit times by two-thirds. Such connectivity not only benefits India and Bangladesh but also offers landlocked Nepal and Bhutan access to major ports, opening up new avenues for trade.
Progress and Implementation
BBIN’s commitment to shared infrastructure has transitioned from plans to tangible projects. Critical to this initiative is the development of a seamless rail network across the region, which includes broad/dual gauge tracks. Recent milestones include the inauguration of key rail links that connect India with Bangladesh, and by extension, Bhutan, and the trial runs that demonstrate operational feasibility.
Ongoing Projects and Future Plans
Railway connections are changing the way countries in South Asia interact with each other. Here’s how new rail links are making travel and trade easier and faster.
Connecting Agartala and Akhaura
Agartala is now linked to the Akhaura station in Bangladesh. This connection uses different types of railway tracks. Changes are being made to ensure trains can run smoothly between these places. Soon, there will be a direct and shorter train route from Agartala to Kolkata through Dhaka.
India-Nepal Railway Link
Currently, there’s just one railway line connecting India and Nepal. It goes from Jayanagar in India to Bijalpura in Nepal, and it’s being extended further. The leaders of both countries recently started a new freight service. They’re also looking into more railway projects, including a big one from Raxaul in India to Kathmandu in Nepal.
Strengthening India-Bhutan Ties Through Rails
India and Bhutan are working closely to build railway connections. They’re exploring six possible projects right now. One important project is a railway line from Gelephu in Bhutan to Kokrajhar in India. This line will help connect Bhutan not just with India but also with Bangladesh, making trade easier.
Collaborative Financing and Execution
A novel approach in the BBIN initiative is the joint funding and execution of projects, with significant contributions from the governments of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal. This collaborative model is supported by international financial institutions, which provide loans and funding to ensure the projects’ viability and success.
Beyond Infrastructure: Institutional Frameworks
The success of the BBIN rail connectivity initiative extends beyond physical infrastructure. Establishing cross-border operating protocols and regulatory frameworks is crucial for seamless operations. An umbrella Regional Rail Agreement is envisioned to streamline procedures and facilitate efficient cross-border rail services.
Conclusion
The BBIN railway connectivity initiative is more than a series of infrastructure projects; it represents a strategic pathway to regional growth and cooperation. By enhancing connectivity, reducing transportation costs, and fostering economic interdependence, the BBIN countries are setting a precedent for regional collaboration and shared prosperity.
Source: Railways holds the key to regional growth, The Indian Express, March 4, 2024