1. Increasing soil organic carbon through organic inputs
2. Promoting bio-inputs through Bio-Input Resource Centres
3. Encouraging compressed biogas production from agricultural waste
4. Increasing dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers
How many of the above are correct?
Statement 1 – Correct: Higher soil organic carbon (SOC) improves carbon sequestration, enhances soil fertility, and strengthens soil structure, thereby reducing agriculture’s environmental footprint.
Statement 2 – Correct: Bio-Input Resource Centres promote microbial and botanical inputs, helping farmers reduce dependence on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
Statement 3 – Correct: Compressed biogas produced from agricultural residues converts waste into clean energy, reducing methane emissions and fossil fuel dependence.
Statement 4 – Incorrect: Greater reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers increases greenhouse gas emissions (especially nitrous oxide) and contributes to soil and water degradation.
Assertion (A): Natural farming systems can enhance climate resilience in agricultural ecosystems.
Reason (R): Natural farming practices increase soil organic carbon and promote microbial diversity in soils.
Which one of the following is correct?
Assertion – Correct: Natural farming enhances climate resilience by improving soil health, reducing dependence on external inputs, and strengthening ecological processes within agricultural systems.
Reason – Correct: Natural farming increases soil organic carbon and beneficial microbial activity, which improves nutrient cycling, soil structure, moisture retention, and overall soil vitality.
Why R explains A: Improved soil carbon and microbial diversity directly strengthen resilience against droughts, floods, and temperature stress, thereby explaining why natural farming systems are more climate-resilient.
1. Increasing soil organic carbon through organic inputs
2. Promoting bio-inputs through Bio-Input Resource Centres
3. Encouraging compressed biogas production from agricultural waste
4. Increasing dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers
How many of the above are correct?
Statement 1 – Correct: Higher soil organic carbon (SOC) enhances carbon sequestration, improves soil fertility, and strengthens soil structure, thereby reducing agriculture’s environmental footprint.
Statement 2 – Correct: Bio-Input Resource Centres promote microbial and botanical inputs that reduce dependence on synthetic fertilizers and chemical pesticides.
Statement 3 – Correct: Compressed biogas produced from agricultural waste converts residues into clean energy, reducing methane emissions and fossil fuel dependence.
Statement 4 – Incorrect: Increased reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers raises greenhouse gas emissions, particularly nitrous oxide, and contributes to soil and water degradation.
1. Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP) promotes farming systems based on locally available biological inputs rather than synthetic fertilizers.
2. The National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) includes establishing Bio-Input Resource Centres (BRCs) to support farmers with natural formulations.
3. PM PRANAM incentivizes States to increase chemical fertilizer consumption to maintain crop yields.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statement 1 – Correct: Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP) promotes natural farming systems that rely on locally prepared inputs such as microbial formulations and botanical extracts instead of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
Statement 2 – Correct: The National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) includes the establishment of Bio-Input Resource Centres (BRCs) that produce and supply natural inputs to farmers, facilitating the large-scale adoption of natural farming practices.
Statement 3 – Incorrect: PM PRANAM (PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth) incentivizes States to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and promote sustainable nutrient management, not to increase fertilizer consumption.
1. Environmental Impact Assessment is primarily a regulatory tool used to evaluate environmental consequences of proposed development projects before approval.
2. Projects classified under Category A require environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
3. Category B projects are appraised exclusively by the Central Government.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 – Correct: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a decision-making and planning tool used to predict the environmental consequences of a proposed project before approval. It evaluates environmental, economic, and social trade-offs and considers alternative project options.
Statement 2 – Correct: Projects classified under Category A are considered to have significant environmental impacts and therefore require environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) at the central level.
Statement 3 – Incorrect: Category B projects are not appraised by the Central Government. They are evaluated at the State level by the State Environment Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs).
PARIVESH: PARIVESH (Pro-Active and Responsive Facilitation by Interactive, Virtuous and Environmental Single Window Hub) is a digital platform for environmental, forest, wildlife, and coastal regulation zone clearances.
PARIVESH 3.0: PARIVESH 3.0 incorporates AI and GIS-based land banks to streamline project approvals and reduce delays in environmental and forest clearances.
Why other options are incorrect:
(a) Refers to the Udyam Portal, which is used for MSME registration.
(c) Refers to ULIP (Unified Logistics Interface Platform), which enables cargo tracking and logistics data integration.
(d) Refers to TReDS, which facilitates discounting of trade receivables for MSMEs.
1. The SPICe+ form integrates multiple registration processes such as DIN, PAN, TAN and GSTIN into a single application.
2. The Unified Logistics Interface Platform (ULIP) integrates logistics data from multiple ministries to enable real-time cargo tracking.
3. TReDS is a platform that facilitates discounting of trade receivables for MSMEs.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Statement 1 – Correct: SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus) integrates multiple registration services, including DIN, PAN, TAN and GSTIN, into a single online form, simplifying company incorporation.
Statement 2 – Correct: ULIP (Unified Logistics Interface Platform) integrates more than 35 logistics systems from various ministries, enabling real-time cargo tracking and seamless logistics data exchange.
Statement 3 – Correct: TReDS (Trade Receivables Discounting System) is an electronic platform that allows MSMEs to discount invoices and improve liquidity by accessing credit from participating financiers.
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